Aperture has several effects on your photographs, one of the most important is the brightness or exposure of your images

As aperture changes in size, it alters the overall amount of light that reachers your camera sensor.

A large aperture (a wide opening) will pass a lot of light resulting in a brighter photograph.

A small aperture does just the opposite, making a photo darker

Depth of Field - The amount of photograph that is in focus

Shallow Depth of Field - Not much of the photograph in focus

Wide Aperture - big blur

Small Aperture - no blur

F-Stop / F-Number where you see the aperture value the letter will appear but the valued number.

shutter speed is responsible for two particular things:
1. changing the brightness (exposure) of your photo
2. creating dramatic effects by either freezing action or blurring motion

shutter speed is the length of time your camera shutter is open, exposing light onto the camera sensor

shutter speed also be used to freeze motion

shutter speeds are measured in fractions of a second, when they are under a second. for example 1/4 means a quarter of a second (slow shutter speed) / 1/250 means one two-hundred-and-fifieth of a second (fast shutter speed)

if we had a camera set on a slow/long shutter speed, of say 1/80, it will let in a lot of light when we take the photo

How could we use aperture to darken the image? need a smaller appetite to work with the shutter speed